Lamb L M, Hibbard J R, Desiderio J V, Tsai Y H
Department of Microbiology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1993 Nov;32 Suppl B:95-101. doi: 10.1093/jac/32.suppl_b.95.
The efficacy of cefepime, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin, was compared with those of cefpirome, ceftazidime, vancomycin, imipenem-cilastatin and penicillin G in a rat model of endocarditis caused by a methicillin-susceptible strain of Staphylococcus aureus. Rats were infected intravenously with approximately 10(5) cfu of a penicillin-resistant strain of S. aureus 24 h after placement of a catheter into the left ventricle of the heart via the carotid artery. Efficacy was evaluated by comparing bacterial counts in the cardiac vegetations of treated rats with those of untreated controls. Rats treated with cefepime, cefpirome, ceftazidime, imipenem-cilastatin and vancomycin showed a reduction in the number of bacteria recovered from cardiac vegetations compared with infected control animals; penicillin G was ineffective in this respect. Serum concentrations of the study antimicrobials were determined at selected times following the administration of a single subcutaneous dose. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the cephalosporins were similar in these animals. This study shows that cefepime may be of value in the treatment of staphylococcal endocarditis.
在由对甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株引起的心内膜炎大鼠模型中，将新型广谱头孢菌素头孢吡肟的疗效与头孢匹罗、头孢他啶、万古霉素、亚胺培南-西司他丁和青霉素G的疗效进行了比较。通过颈动脉将导管插入大鼠心脏左心室24小时后，给大鼠静脉注射约10(5)cfu耐青霉素的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株。通过比较治疗大鼠心脏赘生物中的细菌计数与未治疗对照的细菌计数来评估疗效。与感染的对照动物相比，用头孢吡肟、头孢匹罗、头孢他啶、亚胺培南-西司他丁和万古霉素治疗的大鼠从心脏赘生物中回收的细菌数量减少；青霉素G在这方面无效。在单次皮下给药后的选定时间测定研究抗菌药物的血清浓度。这些动物中头孢菌素的药代动力学参数相似。本研究表明，头孢吡肟可能对治疗葡萄球菌性心内膜炎有价值。
