Transcription of HERV-K-related LTRs in human placenta and leukemic cells.

The human genome contains a family of endogenous retroviruses, HERV-K, with sequence homology to the B-type mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV). We have detected HERV-K-LTR related cDNA clones by screening a human placenta cDNA library with a HERV-K LTR probe. Three of the isolated cDNA clones were characterized by nucleotide sequencing. The analyzed clones did not contain any retroviral sequences other than those related to HERV-K LTRs, but were found to be coexpressed with cellular sequences. Furthermore, transcripts containing HERV-K LTR sequences were demonstrated by Northern blotting and PCR in human leukemic and normal white blood cells, as well as in various tumor cell lines, indicating abundant transcription of solitary HERV-K LTRs in human tissues. In patients with lymphatic leukemias, a transcript of about 6 kb hybridizing with HERV-K LTR was detected that was not found in patients with myelogenous leukemias or in healthy persons.