Myer C M, O'Connor D M, Cotton R T
Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-2899.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1994 Apr;103(4 Pt 1):319-23. doi: 10.1177/000348949410300410.
The classification of airway stenoses has been a problem for many years. As a result, both intradepartmental and interdepartmental comparisons of airway sizes remain difficult. It follows that comparisons of therapeutic maneuvers are even more difficult. A system is proposed that is simple, reproducible, and based on a readily available reference standard. Endotracheal tubes, which are manufactured to high standards of precision and accuracy, can be used to determine the size of an obstructed airway at its smallest point. The endotracheal tube that will pass through the lumen, if one exists, and tolerate normal leak pressures (10 to 25 cm H2O), can be compared to the expected age-appropriate endotracheal tube size. By using the outside diameters of the endotracheal tubes, the maximum percentage of airway obstruction can be determined. We present a conversion of tube size to the proposed grading scale: grade I up to 50% obstruction, grade II from 51% to 70%, and grade III above 70% with any detectable lumen. An airway with no lumen is assigned to grade IV.
气道狭窄的分类多年来一直是个问题。因此，部门内部和部门之间对气道大小的比较仍然困难。由此可见，对治疗手段的比较更加困难。本文提出了一种简单、可重复且基于易于获得的参考标准的系统。气管内导管的制造精度和准确性很高，可用于确定阻塞气道最窄处的大小。如果存在能通过管腔且能耐受正常漏气压力（10至25厘米水柱）的气管内导管，可将其与预期的适合年龄的气管内导管尺寸进行比较。通过使用气管内导管的外径，可以确定气道阻塞的最大百分比。我们给出了导管尺寸与建议分级量表的换算关系：I级阻塞高达50%，II级为51%至70%，III级高于70%且有任何可检测到的管腔。无管腔的气道归为IV级。
