Nakanuma Y, Katayanagi K, Terada T, Saito K
Department of Pathology (II), Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1994 Jan-Feb;9(1):75-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1994.tb01220.x.
The intrahepatic biliary tree is regarded as an excretory duct of two secretory units: hepatocytes and intrahepatic peribiliary glands. This review describes the anatomy, development and presumed functions of the latter. These glands are preferentially located around the intrahepatic large bile ducts, and are histologically divided into intramural and extramural structures. The former consist of simple tubular glands with much mucin, and are sparsely and irregularly distributed within the ductal wall. The latter are characterized by the presence of excretory units that consist of seromucinous acini and a conducting system in the periductal tissue. Pancreatic exocrine acini are occasionally admixed with extramural glands. These peribiliary glands appear in the late fetal period and complete their development about 15 years after birth. Extramural and intramural glands secrete neutral and acid mucin into the ductal lumen. Extramural glands contain several enzymes for digestion of protein and lipids. Neural and vascular supply of these glands may be related to the regulation of their secretion. Specific and non-specific immune responses within this glandular system may also be essential in the sterility of bile.
肝内胆管树被视为两个分泌单位（肝细胞和肝内胆管周围腺）的排泄管道。本综述描述了后者的解剖结构、发育过程及推测的功能。这些腺体主要位于肝内大胆管周围，在组织学上分为壁内和壁外结构。前者由含有大量黏液的简单管状腺组成，在管壁内分布稀疏且不规则。后者的特征是存在由浆液黏液性腺泡和导管周围组织中的传导系统组成的排泄单位。胰腺外分泌腺泡偶尔与壁外腺混合存在。这些胆管周围腺在胎儿后期出现，出生后约15年发育完成。壁外腺和壁内腺向管腔内分泌中性和酸性黏液。壁外腺含有几种用于消化蛋白质和脂质的酶。这些腺体的神经和血管供应可能与其分泌调节有关。该腺系统内的特异性和非特异性免疫反应对于胆汁的无菌状态可能也至关重要。
