Terada T, Nakanuma Y
Second Department of Pathology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan.
Lab Invest. 1993 Mar;68(3):261-9.
Intrahepatic peribiliary glands are important components of the intrahepatic biliary tree. Although the development of extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts has been studied extensively, that of intrahepatic peribiliary glands is still unclear.
The development of human intrahepatic peribiliary glands was examined using histology, keratin immunohistochemistry, and mucus histochemistry.
At 7 weeks gestation, the ductal plate was present in the periportal immature hepatocytes around the portal veins at the hepatic hilum. At 10 weeks gestation, biliary cells began to bud from the ductal plate into the mesenchyme and formed double-layered cords and tubules. The double-layered cords had transformed completely into tubules by 30 weeks gestation. The tubules then gradually increased in number and aggregated to form immature peribiliary glands at approximately 40 weeks gestation. After birth, the acini of the immature peribiliary glands continued to increase in number and reached an adult state by approximately 15 years. Cytokeratin immunohistochemistry revealed that the ductal plate, precursor cords and tubules in the mesenchyme, and developing and developed peribiliary glands were positive for monoclonal anticytokeratin antibodies CAM5.2, AE1, KL1, and the polyclonal anticytokeratin antibody. Mucus acini containing neutral mucin, sialomucin, and sulfomucin were absent in fetal and neonatal peribiliary glands, appeared at 3 months after birth, and increased gradually after that time. In some cases, ectopic exocrine pancreatic tissue differentiated from the peribiliary glands. This was first observed 3 months after birth and persisted to adult life.
These data indicate that 1) intrahepatic peribiliary glands arise from the periportal immature hepatocytes at the hepatic hilum, 2) the cytokeratin profile does not change during development of peribiliary glands, and 3) differentiation of peribiliary glands into mucus acini and ectopic exocrine pancreatic tissue occurs 3 months after birth.
肝内胆管周围腺是肝内胆管树的重要组成部分。尽管肝外胆管和肝内胆管的发育已得到广泛研究，但肝内胆管周围腺的发育仍不清楚。
采用组织学、细胞角蛋白免疫组织化学和黏液组织化学方法研究人肝内胆管周围腺的发育。
妊娠7周时，肝门部门静脉周围的门周未成熟肝细胞中存在导管板。妊娠10周时，胆管细胞开始从导管板向间充质出芽，形成双层索和小管。到妊娠30周时，双层索已完全转化为小管。然后小管数量逐渐增加，并在妊娠约40周时聚集形成未成熟的胆管周围腺。出生后，未成熟胆管周围腺的腺泡数量持续增加，约15岁时达到成年状态。细胞角蛋白免疫组织化学显示，导管板、间充质中的前体索和小管以及发育中和已发育的胆管周围腺对单克隆抗细胞角蛋白抗体CAM5.2、AE1、KL1和多克隆抗细胞角蛋白抗体呈阳性。胎儿和新生儿胆管周围腺中不存在含有中性黏蛋白、涎黏蛋白和硫黏蛋白的黏液腺泡，出生后3个月出现，并在之后逐渐增加。在某些情况下，胆管周围腺可分化为异位外分泌胰腺组织。这在出生后3个月首次观察到，并持续至成年期。
这些数据表明，1）肝内胆管周围腺起源于肝门部的门周未成熟肝细胞；2）在胆管周围腺发育过程中细胞角蛋白谱不变；3）胆管周围腺在出生后3个月分化为黏液腺泡和异位外分泌胰腺组织。
