Kondo H, Sugano K, Fukayama N, Kyogoku A, Nose H, Shimada K, Ohkura H, Ohtsu A, Yoshida S, Shimosato Y
Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo.
Cancer. 1994 Mar 15;73(6):1589-94. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19940315)73:6<1589::aid-cncr2820730609>3.0.co;2-7.
Mutations in the K-ras oncogene at codon 12 are detected at a remarkably high frequency in pancreatic carcinomas and are believed to be a critical event in oncogenesis. The authors attempted to detect K-ras mutations in DNA obtained from pure pancreatic juice collected endoscopically, as a novel diagnostic approach to pancreatic carcinoma.
K-ras mutations were examined using the two-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with restriction enzyme digestion, followed by nonradioisotopic single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis.
Specific mutations of the K-ras gene at codon 12 were found in six of nine (67%) duct cell carcinomas, all of which were negative by cytodiagnosis of the same pure pancreatic juice. K-ras mutations were not detected in the pancreatic juice from 14 healthy control subjects, 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis, or 3 patients with islet cell tumors.
Detection of K-ras mutation at codon 12 in pancreatic juice is highly specific for diagnosing pancreatic duct cell carcinoma and may be a valuable diagnostic modality for pancreatic carcinoma and for differentiating chronic pancreatitis from carcinoma.
在胰腺癌中，第12密码子的K-ras癌基因发生突变的频率极高，被认为是肿瘤发生过程中的关键事件。作者试图检测通过内镜收集的纯胰液中DNA的K-ras突变，作为一种新型的胰腺癌诊断方法。
采用两步聚合酶链反应（PCR）结合限制性内切酶消化，随后进行非放射性单链构象多态性（SSCP）分析来检测K-ras突变。
在9例导管细胞癌中的6例（67%）发现了第12密码子的K-ras基因特异性突变，而对同一纯胰液进行细胞诊断时，所有这些病例均为阴性。在14名健康对照者、10例慢性胰腺炎患者或3例胰岛细胞瘤患者的胰液中未检测到K-ras突变。
检测胰液中第12密码子的K-ras突变对诊断胰腺导管细胞癌具有高度特异性，可能是一种用于胰腺癌诊断以及区分慢性胰腺炎和癌的有价值的诊断方法。
