Wong J P, Stadnyk L L, Saravolac E G
Biomedical Defence Section, Defence Research Establishment, Suffield, Alberta, Canada.
Immunology. 1994 Feb;81(2):280-4.
Liposome-mediated passive immunity was evaluated for its efficacy in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A/PR/8 virus infection in mice. A mouse LD50 protection model was developed using a polyclonal anti-influenza A antibody which demonstrated strong reactivity against the mouse-adapted virus in a fluorogenic enzyme immunoassay and in an in vitro plaque assay. Using liposomes as an antibody carrier system, the delivery of antibody to the lungs was optimized. For mice given the antiviral antibody intranasally 24 h prior to challenge with 10 LD50 of mouse-adapted influenza A/PR/8 virus, the survival rate at 14 days post-challenge was 60%. However, when mice were given antibody encapsulated within liposomes, the survival rate increased to 100%. In the treatment of mice preinfected with 10 LD50 of the virus, mice were fully protected (100% survival rate) when treated within 8 hr post-infection with free unencapsulated antibody, or within 12 hr with liposome-encapsulated antibody. It is postulated that the improved therapeutic and prophylactic efficacies of the antiviral antibody may be attributed to enhanced delivery as well as retention of antibody molecules in the lungs when liposomes are used as antibody carrier system.
评估了脂质体介导的被动免疫在预防和治疗小鼠甲型流感病毒A/PR/8感染中的效果。使用多克隆抗甲型流感病毒抗体建立了小鼠半数致死量保护模型，该抗体在荧光酶免疫测定和体外空斑试验中对适应小鼠的病毒表现出强烈反应性。以脂质体作为抗体载体系统，优化了抗体向肺部的递送。对于在感染10个小鼠半数致死量的适应小鼠的甲型流感病毒A/PR/8前24小时经鼻给予抗病毒抗体的小鼠，攻毒后14天的存活率为60%。然而，当给小鼠给予包裹在脂质体中的抗体时，存活率提高到100%。在用10个小鼠半数致死量的病毒预感染小鼠的治疗中，当在感染后8小时内用游离未包裹的抗体治疗，或在12小时内用脂质体包裹的抗体治疗时，小鼠得到了完全保护（存活率100%）。据推测，当脂质体用作抗体载体系统时，抗病毒抗体治疗和预防效果的提高可能归因于抗体分子在肺部的递送增强以及滞留。
