Benchaar C, Moncoulon R, Bayourthe C, Vernay M
ENSA, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie Agronomique, Toulouse, France.
J Anim Sci. 1994 Feb;72(2):492-501. doi: 10.2527/1994.722492x.
Four cannulated, lactating cows were used to determine the effects of extruding white lupin seeds (WLS) on intraruminal CP degradation and absorption of AA from the small intestine. Raw lupin seeds (RWLS) and extruded lupin seeds (EWLS) were fed in diets containing 15.5% CP and composed of 22.4% WLS, 55.9% corn silage, 10.1% maize grain, and 10.6% Italian ryegrass on a DM basis; WLS provided approximately 50% of the total dietary CP. Spot samples of digesta were collected from the proximal duodenum and terminal ileum during 72 h. Chromium EDTA, YbCl3, and purines were used as liquid, particulate, and bacterial markers, respectively. Because of the extensive ruminal degradation of dietary N with the RWLS diet compared with the EWLS diet (64.2 vs 38.8%), less total AA flowed to the duodenum (1,748 vs 2,347 g/d), and because of the decrease of availability (67.2 vs 79.0% of entering), absorption from the small intestine was lowest with this diet (1,175 vs 1,855 g/d). The apparent digestion of individual AA in the small intestine (percentage entering) ranged from 46.5 to 88.4 when cows consumed RWLS and from 58.9 to 94.4 when they were fed the EWLS diet. Among the diets, apparent absorption of histidine, lysine, glycine, and serine were higher than those of other AA; also, valine, alanine, and proline showed intestinal absorptions that were somewhat lower than those of the remainder of the AA.
选用四头安装有瘘管的泌乳奶牛，以确定挤压白羽扇豆种子（WLS）对瘤胃内粗蛋白降解及小肠氨基酸吸收的影响。在干物质基础上，将生羽扇豆种子（RWLS）和挤压羽扇豆种子（EWLS）添加到含15.5%粗蛋白的日粮中，日粮由22.4%的WLS、55.9%的玉米青贮、10.1%的玉米籽粒和10.6%的意大利黑麦草组成；WLS约提供日粮总粗蛋白的50%。在72小时内，从十二指肠近端和回肠末端采集消化物的即时样本。分别使用铬乙二胺四乙酸、氯化镱和嘌呤作为液体、颗粒和细菌标记物。与EWLS日粮相比，RWLS日粮中日粮氮在瘤胃内的降解程度更高（64.2%对38.8%），进入十二指肠的总氨基酸量更少（1748克/天对2347克/天），且由于利用率降低（进入量的67.2%对79.0%），该日粮的小肠吸收量最低（1175克/天对1855克/天）。当奶牛采食RWLS时，小肠中单个氨基酸的表观消化率（进入量的百分比）在46.5%至88.4%之间；当饲喂EWLS日粮时，该范围为58.9%至94.4%。在各日粮中，组氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸和丝氨酸的表观吸收量高于其他氨基酸；此外，缬氨酸、丙氨酸和脯氨酸的小肠吸收量略低于其余氨基酸。
