军事运输中固定机组与建制机组的比较。

Comparison of fixed versus formed aircrews in military transport.

作者信息

Woody J R, McKinney E H, Barker J M, Clothier C C

机构信息

Department of Management, United States Air Force Academy, CO 80840.

出版信息

Aviat Space Environ Med. 1994 Feb;65(2):153-6.

PMID:8161327

Abstract

Historically, transport crews are formed to fly a brief series of sorties together. But what would be the effect of keeping crews together longer? This research investigates the effect of crewing policies on accident rates. We compare the crew coordination performance of fixed teams that work together indefinitely with that of formed teams that work together for shorter periods. We researched 74 accident investigation records of two jet transport aircraft of the U.S. Air Force over 20-year periods. These aircraft used both fixed and formed crews. The "ineffective crew coordination" accident rates for formed crews were significantly safer (z = 12.5 for one aircraft and 2.1 for another p < 0.05). This may imply that airlines and military commands could enhance flight safety by following a formed crew policy. However, further study is needed to identify more completely the effects of crew policies on sortie effectiveness.

摘要

从历史上看，运输机组人员是为了一起执行一系列短暂的飞行任务而组建的。但是让机组人员在一起的时间更长会有什么影响呢？这项研究调查了机组配置政策对事故率的影响。我们将长期合作的固定团队的机组协调表现与短期合作的组建团队的机组协调表现进行了比较。我们研究了美国空军两架喷气式运输机在20年期间的74份事故调查记录。这些飞机使用了固定机组和组建机组。组建机组的“无效机组协调”事故率明显更低（其中一架飞机z值为12.5，另一架为2.1，p<0.05）。这可能意味着航空公司和军事指挥部可以通过遵循组建机组政策来提高飞行安全性。然而，需要进一步研究以更全面地确定机组政策对 sortie 有效性的影响。