Schönweiler R
Abteilung Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, St.-Elisabeth-Hospital, Bochum, BRD.
Folia Phoniatr Logop. 1994;46(1):18-26. doi: 10.1159/000266287.
This study presents the results of 1,305 children with speech disorders. The examination included ENT inspection, audiometry, speech evaluations and if required, psychological tests. In 48% we found hearing loss, most frequently in the age-group up to 4 years. In 95% hearing loss fluctuated about 20 dB, caused by malfunction of the tube or by adenoids, not only in autumn and winter, but throughout the year. In this case, the total hearing input of these children is reduced. In only 5% we found cochlear hearing loss. In hearing-impaired children the speech development was significantly depressed in all dimensions in comparison with normal-hearing children. 19% of the children were generally delayed in development. Other causes of speech disorders were less important. This study demonstrates the necessity of follow-up microscopy of the tympanic membrane, audiometry and operative therapy including adenoidectomy and insertion of ventilation tubes. With this concept, only 37% of the children required speech therapy.
本研究展示了1305名言语障碍儿童的研究结果。检查包括耳鼻喉检查、听力测定、言语评估，以及必要时的心理测试。我们发现48%的儿童有听力损失，最常见于4岁以下年龄组。95%的听力损失波动约20分贝，由咽鼓管功能障碍或腺样体引起，不仅在秋冬季节，而是全年都有。在这种情况下，这些儿童的总听力输入减少。只有5%的儿童被发现有耳蜗性听力损失。与听力正常的儿童相比，听力受损儿童的言语发展在各个维度上均明显滞后。19%的儿童总体发育迟缓。言语障碍的其他原因则不太重要。本研究表明有必要对鼓膜进行随访显微镜检查、听力测定以及包括腺样体切除术和插入通气管在内的手术治疗。采用这一理念，只有37%的儿童需要言语治疗。
