Walker A R, Walker B F, Dunn M J, Dunn S E
Human Biochemistry Research Unit, South African Institute for Medical Research, Johannesburg.
J R Soc Health. 1994 Feb;114(1):33-8. doi: 10.1177/146642409411400107.
An analysis has been made of causes of admission of black patients in 1991 to Murchison Hospital, Port Shepstone, Natal. Of 6675 total admissions, 6329 (95%) were classifiable. Of the latter, 1462 (23%) were aged 12 years and-younger, namely, 763 boys and 699 girls. Their chief causes of admission were pneumonia, gastroenteritis, trauma, acute glomerular nephritis, and malnutritional diseases. Of 4867 adults (73%), 1536 were males and 3331 females. Among men, chief causes were tuberculosis, congestive cardiac failure, hypertension and cerebral vascular accidents. Among women, apart from pregnancy, chief causes of admission were disorders of pregnancy, tuberculosis, congestive cardiac failure, pneumonia, diabetes, and hypertension. Of western diseases, 3.9% of adults were admitted for diabetes, and 2.8% for asthma. The general pattern of admissions is similar to that in other rural hospitals. The causes of admissions are discussed, regarding (1) public health improvements occurring, and (2) means of promoting further improvements by (a) community self-help, and (b) help from State health and other services.
对1991年纳塔尔省谢普斯通港默奇森医院收治黑人患者的原因进行了分析。在总共6675例入院病例中，6329例（95%）可分类。在后者中，1462例（23%）年龄在12岁及以下，即763名男孩和699名女孩。他们入院的主要原因是肺炎、肠胃炎、外伤、急性肾小球肾炎和营养不良疾病。在4867名成年人（73%）中，1536名是男性，3331名是女性。在男性中，主要原因是结核病、充血性心力衰竭、高血压和脑血管意外。在女性中，除怀孕外，入院的主要原因是妊娠疾病、结核病、充血性心力衰竭、肺炎、糖尿病和高血压。在西方疾病中，3.9%的成年人因糖尿病入院，2.8%因哮喘入院。入院的总体模式与其他农村医院相似。讨论了入院原因，涉及（1）正在发生的公共卫生改善，以及（2）通过（a）社区自助和（b）国家卫生及其他服务机构的帮助促进进一步改善的方法。
