Schwenk W, Eyssel M, Badke A, Stock W
Abteilung für Chirurgie, Marien-Hospital Düsseldorf.
Aktuelle Traumatol. 1994 Feb;24(1):6-11.
Pertrochanteric fractures are typical injuries of elderly people, that can be treated with osteosynthesis in most cases. From 1984 to 1991 we performed 105 implantations of tumor-endoprosthesis in elderly patients with comminuted pertrochanteric fractures with simultaneous coxarthrosis or osteoporosis. The mean age of these patients was 82.7 years. 81.9% of the patients had concomitant systemic diseases (coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes etc.), 51.4% showed several risk factors. General postoperative complications were diagnosed in 63.8% of all cases, mostly nosocomial urinary tract infections, pressure sores and cardiovascular disorders. In 14.3% of the patients local (surgical) complications occurred. 83.3% of the patients were able to walk when they left the hospital, the in-hospital mortality was 13.3% (30-day-mortality 12.4%). Although primary osteosynthesis of pertrochanteric fractures with dynamic hip screw or gamma-nail show a smaller risk, implantation of a tumor-endoprosthesis can be an alternative in patients with severe osteoporosis, coxarthrosis or after instable osteosynthesis.
转子间骨折是老年人的典型损伤,大多数情况下可通过骨固定术治疗。1984年至1991年,我们对患有粉碎性转子间骨折并伴有髋关节病或骨质疏松症的老年患者进行了105次肿瘤型人工关节置换术。这些患者的平均年龄为82.7岁。81.9%的患者伴有全身性疾病(冠心病、高血压、糖尿病等),51.4%的患者有多种危险因素。所有病例中,63.8%被诊断出有一般术后并发症,主要是医院获得性尿路感染、压疮和心血管疾病。14.3%的患者出现局部(手术)并发症。83.3%的患者出院时能够行走,住院死亡率为13.3%(30天死亡率为12.4%)。尽管使用动力髋螺钉或伽马钉对转子间骨折进行一期骨固定术风险较小,但对于患有严重骨质疏松症、髋关节病或骨固定不稳定后的患者,植入肿瘤型人工关节可能是一种选择。