Fleming M, Barry K, Davis A, Kropp S, Kahn R, Rivo M
Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School (UWMS), Madison.
Acad Med. 1994 May;69(5):362-9. doi: 10.1097/00001888-199405000-00009.
To examine changes in substance abuse education in U.S. medical schools between 1976 and 1992.
In 1991-92 the authors conducted a 16-year follow-up survey of six clinical departments in each of the 126 U.S. medical schools. Two previous surveys by scholars and surveys conducted by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education, Association of American Medical Colleges, and the National Center for Medical Fellowships in the Addictions provided baseline data for comparison. The statistical methods used in the comparisons were paired t-tests, one-way analyses of variance, and tests of differences between proportions.
Significant increases were found in the numbers of required and elective curriculum units for medical students between 1986-87 and 1991-92. The number of medical schools requiring courses in substance abuse treatment increased from five to eight between 1986-87 and 1991-92. For residents, there were significant increases in the numbers of curriculum units for residents in family medicine and pediatrics. The average number of faculty in the 116 medical schools that reported units on substance abuse was 4.1. There were 45 fellowships in addiction medicine identified in 1991-92, with a total of 61 fellows in training.
While the findings confirm positive changes, the amount of curricula time and the number of faculty having expertise in substance abuse education do not compare well with the amounts of time and numbers of faculty involved in clinical problems of similar prevalence, such as cancer and heart disease.
研究1976年至1992年间美国医学院校药物滥用教育的变化情况。
1991 - 1992年，作者对美国126所医学院校中每所学校的六个临床科室进行了为期16年的跟踪调查。学者们之前进行的两项调查以及医学教育联络委员会、美国医学院协会和国家成瘾医学奖学金中心进行的调查提供了基线数据以供比较。比较中使用的统计方法包括配对t检验、单因素方差分析和比例差异检验。
1986 - 1987年至1991 - 1992年间，医学生所需和选修课程单元的数量显著增加。1986 - 1987年至1991 - 1992年间，要求开设药物滥用治疗课程的医学院校数量从五所增加到八所。对于住院医师而言，家庭医学和儿科学住院医师的课程单元数量显著增加。报告有药物滥用相关单元的116所医学院校中，平均教师人数为4.1人。1991 - 1992年确定了45个成瘾医学奖学金名额，共有61名学员在接受培训。
虽然研究结果证实了积极的变化，但课程时间量以及在药物滥用教育方面具有专业知识的教师数量，与参与类似患病率临床问题（如癌症和心脏病）的教师时间量和数量相比，并不理想。
