Pankovich A M
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1976 Apr;58(3):337-42.
Study of seventeen cases of Maisonneuve fracture established that there are five stages in the development of a complete lesion. A strong external-rotation force with the foot in slight supination is thought to be responsible for the initial stages; this may change to neutral or slight pronation in the later stages. This is a severe injury to the ankle, which includes complete diastasis of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis and often rupture of the anteromedial joint capsule and deltoid ligament or fracture of the medial malleolus. Surgical treatment is necessary in later stages.
