Mulcahey M J, Smith B T, Betz R R, Triolo R J, Peckham P H
Shriners Hospitals for Crippled Children, Philadelphia, PA 19152.
J Am Paraplegia Soc. 1994 Jan;17(1):20-35. doi: 10.1080/01952307.1994.11735912.
Percutaneous intramuscular functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) systems were fitted to the forearms of five adolescents with tetraplegia in an effort to provide active grasp and release. Two assessments designed at Case Western Reserve University to evaluate functional outcomes of FNS in adults were employed. The common object test (COT) was used to assess hand function during five activities of daily living (ADLs): eating, drinking, writing, brushing teeth and applying toothpaste. A usage survey provided information on the frequency of FNS use in environments outside of the laboratory. In addition, interviews were employed using open-ended questions to gain a deeper understanding of the perceptions of FNS in the adolescents' own environments. Based on the COT results, each adolescent was able to perform ADLs with and without FNS. However, FNS allowed unilateral function so that the extremity without FNS was freed to assist in balance or participate in bilateral tasks. Also, FNS reduced the need for multiple devices, providing users with the potential to perform activities in a variety of environments without transporting adaptive equipment. Those who reported using FNS most often obtained hard-bound school books, held pens during classroom and homework assignments, engaged in leisure activities and performed hygiene tasks. FNS was also used as a means to communicate and socialize through hand gestures. Well-known factors that influence the independence of people with tetraplegia also appeared to affect FNS use.
经皮肌内功能性神经肌肉刺激（FNS）系统被安装在五名四肢瘫痪青少年的前臂上，以实现主动抓握和松开。采用了凯斯西储大学设计的两项评估来评估成人FNS的功能结果。通用物体测试（COT）用于评估在五项日常生活活动（ADL）中，即进食、饮水、书写、刷牙和涂抹牙膏时的手部功能。一项使用情况调查提供了关于实验室以外环境中FNS使用频率的信息。此外，采用开放式问题进行访谈，以更深入地了解青少年在自身环境中对FNS的看法。根据COT结果，每个青少年在使用和不使用FNS的情况下都能够进行ADL。然而，FNS实现了单侧功能，使未使用FNS的肢体得以解放，以协助保持平衡或参与双侧任务。此外，FNS减少了对多种设备的需求，使用户有可能在各种环境中进行活动，而无需携带适应性设备。那些报告最常使用FNS的人能够获取精装学校书籍、在课堂和家庭作业中握笔、参与休闲活动以及完成卫生任务。FNS还被用作通过手势进行交流和社交的一种方式。影响四肢瘫痪者独立性的知名因素似乎也会影响FNS的使用。
