Sharma R L
Indian Veterinary Research Institute Campus, Nainital.
Vet Parasitol. 1994 Feb;51(3-4):255-62. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(94)90163-5.
Parasitic bronchitis is widely prevalent in migratory flocks of small ruminants in the northwest Himalayan regions of India. The prevalence data collected from 5554 goats, maintained in 31 villages in different agroclimatic regions of the Himalayas, showed that the prevalence of the disease in goats varied from 18.7 to 47.6% with an overall prevalence of 21.8%. Interestingly, 27.6% of goats maintained at an altitude of 2700-3900 m above mean sea level in Kargil (Jammu and Kashmir), where the climate is cold and dry for the major part of the year, were positive for the lungworm infections. The common lungworms observed were Dictyocaulus filaria, Protostrongylus rufescens, Varestrongylus pneumonicus and occasionally Muellerius spp. The kids were more susceptible to lungworm infections than adult goats. In experimental studies, it was seen that goats were more susceptible to Dictyocaulus filaria infection than sheep and two vaccine doses comprising 1000 and 2000 gamma-attenuated D. filaria (ovine strain) infective larvae conferred 97% protection in male Beetal kids against a homologous challenge dose of 4200 normal D. filaria larvae. The importance of simultaneous control of the disease in goats and sheep is discussed.
寄生性支气管炎在印度喜马拉雅地区西北部的小型反刍动物迁徙群中广泛流行。从喜马拉雅山脉不同农业气候区31个村庄饲养的5554只山羊收集的患病率数据显示，山羊的患病率在18.7%至47.6%之间，总体患病率为21.8%。有趣的是，在海拔2700 - 3900米的列城（查谟和克什米尔），一年中大部分时间气候寒冷干燥，那里27.6%的山羊肺线虫感染呈阳性。观察到的常见肺线虫有丝状网尾线虫、红原圆线虫、肺变圆线虫，偶尔还有缪勒属线虫。幼羊比成年山羊更容易感染肺线虫。在实验研究中，发现山羊比绵羊更容易感染丝状网尾线虫，两剂疫苗（分别含1000和2000个γ - 减毒丝状网尾线虫（绵羊株）感染性幼虫）对雄性比塔尔幼羊抵御4200个正常丝状网尾线虫幼虫的同源攻击剂量提供了97%的保护。文中还讨论了同时控制山羊和绵羊疾病的重要性。
