Campbell T C, Junshi C
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 May;59(5 Suppl):1153S-1161S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/59.5.1153S.
A comprehensive ecologic survey of dietary, life-style, and mortality characteristics of 65 counties in rural China showed that diets are substantially richer in foods of plant origin when compared with diets consumed in the more industrialized, Western societies. Mean intakes of animal protein (about one-tenth of the mean intake in the United States as energy percent), total fat (14.5% of energy), and dietary fiber (33.3 g/d) reflected a substantial preference for foods of plant origin. Mean plasma cholesterol concentration, at approximately 3.23-3.49 mmol/L, corresponds to this dietary life-style. The principal hypothesis under investigation in this paper is that chronic degenerative diseases are prevented by an aggregate effect of nutrients and nutrient-intake amounts that are commonly supplied by foods of plant origin. The breadth and consistency of evidence for this hypothesis was investigated with multiple intake-biomarker-disease associations, which were appropriately adjusted. There appears to be no threshold of plant-food enrichment or minimization of fat intake beyond which further disease prevention does not occur. These findings suggest that even small intakes of foods of animal origin are associated with significant increases in plasma cholesterol concentrations, which are associated, in turn, with significant increases in chronic degenerative disease mortality rates.
一项针对中国农村65个县的饮食、生活方式和死亡率特征的全面生态调查显示，与工业化程度更高的西方社会的饮食相比，这里的饮食中植物性食物要丰富得多。动物蛋白的平均摄入量（约占美国平均摄入量的十分之一，以能量百分比计算）、总脂肪（占能量的14.5%）和膳食纤维（33.3克/天）反映出对植物性食物的强烈偏好。平均血浆胆固醇浓度约为3.23 - 3.49毫摩尔/升，与这种饮食生活方式相符。本文所研究的主要假设是，慢性退行性疾病是由植物性食物通常提供的营养素和营养素摄入量的综合作用所预防的。通过对多种摄入量 - 生物标志物 - 疾病关联进行适当调整，研究了这一假设证据的广度和一致性。似乎不存在植物性食物丰富程度或脂肪摄入量最小化的阈值，超过该阈值就不会有进一步的疾病预防效果。这些发现表明，即使少量摄入动物性食物也会导致血浆胆固醇浓度显著升高，而这又与慢性退行性疾病死亡率的显著增加相关。
