Deeb L C, Tan M H, Alberti K G
Children's Clinic, Tallahassee, FL 32308.
Diabetes Care. 1994 Mar;17(3):220-3. doi: 10.2337/diacare.17.3.220.
To assess the availability of insulin and diabetes supplies among International Diabetes Federation (IDF) member associations.
A mail survey of IDF member associations asked about the following issues: 1) diabetes prevalence and insulin use, 2) availability and cost of insulin and supplies, 3) availability of glycemic monitoring supplies, 4) cost of insulin and supplies to patients, and 5) availability of oral hypoglycemic agents.
Of 85 member associations, 60 responded. The mean prevalence of diabetes was 3.7%. Of the 39 with a population-based survey data, the prevalence was 3.9%. Insulin use was reported for 19.2% of diabetes patients and, for the 15 with population-based data, the proportion using insulin was 16.1%. Of the respondents, 47 (78%) reported insulin was always available, 11 (18%) reported insulin was available from 25 to 99% of the time, and 2 (Uganda and Tanzania) reported insulin was available < 25% of the time. Insulin is free to patients in 39 (65%) of the countries. The average cost of the least expensive insulin was U.S. $9.62 per vial. Fifteen countries imposed a mean 13% customs charge. Disposable syringes were available in 42 (72%) of countries all of the time. Glucose meters were in use in 49 countries. The most common oral agent was glyburide, which was available in 57 countries.
Insulin is in reasonable supply in IDF member countries. Cost and customs charges are an impediment to universal access. IDF now can recommend programs based on this data.
评估国际糖尿病联合会（IDF）成员协会中胰岛素及糖尿病用品的可及性。
对IDF成员协会进行邮件调查，询问以下问题：1）糖尿病患病率及胰岛素使用情况；2）胰岛素及用品的可及性和成本；3）血糖监测用品的可及性；4）胰岛素及用品对患者的成本；5）口服降糖药的可及性。
85个成员协会中，60个做出回应。糖尿病的平均患病率为3.7%。在有基于人群调查数据的39个协会中，患病率为3.9%。报告称19.2%的糖尿病患者使用胰岛素，在有基于人群数据的15个协会中，使用胰岛素的比例为16.1%。在受访者中，47个（78%）报告胰岛素始终有供应，11个（18%）报告胰岛素在25%至99%的时间内有供应，2个（乌干达和坦桑尼亚）报告胰岛素供应时间<25%。在39个（65%）国家，胰岛素对患者免费。最便宜的胰岛素平均每瓶成本为9.62美元。15个国家平均征收13%的关税。42个（72%）国家始终有一次性注射器供应。49个国家使用血糖仪。最常见的口服药物是格列本脲，57个国家有供应。
IDF成员国胰岛素供应情况合理。成本和关税阻碍了普遍可及性。IDF现在可以根据这些数据推荐相关项目。
