Rigby K
Institute of Social Research, School of Social Studies, University of South Australia, North Terrance, Adelaide.
J Genet Psychol. 1993 Dec;154(4):501-13. doi: 10.1080/00221325.1993.9914748.
Links were examined between three dimensions of peer relating at school among Australian children and selected family and parental background factors. Questionnaires containing measures of children's tendencies to bully others, to be victimized, and to act in a prosocial manner were administered to boys and girls (N = 1,012) aged 11 to 16 years. In addition, subjects completed a standardized 42-item measure of family functioning and reliable scales assessing attitudes toward, and relationships with, their mother and father. When differences in age were controlled for, multiple regression results for both boys and girls indicated that the tendency to bully peers and the tendency to act prosocially were independently predictive of family functioning and attitudes toward, and relationships with, each parent, negatively for bullying and positively for prosocial behavior. The tendency to be victimized by peers at school among girls was found to be associated with poorer family functioning and more negative attitudes toward mothers; negative relations with absent fathers in single-parent families characterized boys who reported being victimized at school.
研究了澳大利亚儿童在学校同伴关系的三个维度与选定的家庭及父母背景因素之间的联系。对11至16岁的男孩和女孩（N = 1012）进行了问卷调查，问卷包含对儿童欺负他人倾向、受欺负倾向以及亲社会行为倾向的测量。此外，受试者完成了一份标准化的42项家庭功能测量表以及评估他们对父母的态度和与父母关系的可靠量表。在控制年龄差异后，男孩和女孩的多元回归结果均表明，欺负同伴的倾向和亲社会行为倾向分别独立预测家庭功能以及对父母各自的态度和关系，欺负行为呈负相关，亲社会行为呈正相关。研究发现，女孩在学校受同伴欺负的倾向与较差的家庭功能以及对母亲更消极的态度有关；在单亲家庭中，与不在身边的父亲关系消极的男孩报告称在学校受到欺负。
