Sun M, Chao K H, Modahl L E, Leoung G, Khayam-Bashi H, Ng V L, Murphy E L
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Transfusion. 1994 Apr;34(4):344-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.34494233584.x.
Asian Americans are generally underrepresented both as volunteer blood and bone marrow donors.
To investigate the risk of transfusion transmission of viruses that is associated with increasing participation by Asian American donors, antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus in Asian American volunteers recruited as potential bone marrow donors were measured. A total of 1354 Asian Americans were enrolled in the study, of whom 54 percent were Chinese, 26 percent Japanese, 9 percent Filipino, 4 percent Korean, 3 percent Indian, and 5 percent of other Asian or mixed Asian and other ethnicity. The majority of the study population was aged 20 through 49 and of high socioeconomic status, as indicated by education and income. Viral antibodies were measured with both screening enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and supplemental testing, and polymerase chain reaction was used to resolve discrepant HTLV results.
Confirmed seroprevalence rates for HTLV were 0.15 percent with one manufacturer's Western blot and 0.3 percent with the other; however, no sample was positive for HTLV types I or II in polymerase chain reaction. Confirmed seroprevalence to hepatitis C virus was 0.5 percent. No subject was seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus.
On the basis of the moderate size and high education level of this study population, it is concluded that Asian American volunteer bone marrow donors do not pose a greater risk for transmission of HTLV type I or II, human immunodeficiency virus, or hepatitis C virus than does the average American blood donor.
亚裔美国人作为志愿献血者和骨髓捐献者的比例普遍较低。
为了调查随着亚裔美国捐献者参与度增加而带来的病毒输血传播风险，对招募的潜在骨髓捐献者亚裔美国志愿者检测了人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒（HTLV）、丙型肝炎病毒和人类免疫缺陷病毒的抗体。共有1354名亚裔美国人参与了这项研究，其中54%为华裔，26%为日裔，9%为菲律宾裔，4%为韩裔，3%为印度裔，5%为其他亚裔或亚裔与其他种族的混血。根据教育程度和收入显示，研究人群中的大多数年龄在20至49岁之间，且社会经济地位较高。采用筛查酶联免疫吸附试验和补充检测来检测病毒抗体，并使用聚合酶链反应来解决HTLV检测结果不一致的问题。
使用一种制造商的免疫印迹法检测HTLV的确诊血清阳性率为0.15%，另一种为0.3%；然而，聚合酶链反应检测中没有样本为HTLV I型或II型阳性。丙型肝炎病毒的确诊血清阳性率为0.5%。没有受试者的人类免疫缺陷病毒血清呈阳性。
基于该研究人群的适度规模和高教育水平，得出结论：亚裔美国志愿骨髓捐献者传播HTLV I型或II型、人类免疫缺陷病毒或丙型肝炎病毒的风险并不高于美国普通献血者。
