Postic C, Leturque A, Printz R L, Maulard P, Loizeau M, Granner D K, Girard J
Centre de Recherche sur l'Endocrinologie Moléculaire et le Développement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Meudon Bellevue, France.
Am J Physiol. 1994 Apr;266(4 Pt 1):E548-59. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1994.266.4.E548.
The ontogenesis of the glucose transporters GLUT-1, GLUT-2, and GLUT-4 and the hexokinases HK-I, HK-II, and HK-IV (glucokinase) was studied in rat tissues. In brown adipose tissue, high levels of GLUT-4 and HK-II were observed during fetal life; both decreased at birth and then increased throughout development. At birth, cold exposure increased GLUT-4 and HK-II expression in brown adipose tissue, whereas fasting decreased it. GLUT-1 and HK-I were present in fetal muscle, but GLUT-4 and HK-II were absent. The coordinate appearance of GLUT-4 and HK-II in skeletal muscle was concomitant with the acquisition of insulin sensitivity after weaning. In the heart, the glucose transporter isoform switched from GLUT-1 to GLUT-4 during the suckling period. The coordinate expression of GLUT-4 and HK-II in heart was observed after weaning. GLUT-2, detected in fetal liver, increased throughout development. GLUT-1 and HK-I were detectable in fetal liver, whereas glucokinase appeared after weaning. Consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet after weaning increased GLUT-4 and HK-II in muscle and GLUT-2 in liver, whereas consumption of a high-fat diet prevented these changes. These results showed that 1) GLUT-1 and HK-I are abundant in most fetal rat tissues, 2) GLUT-4 and HK-II expression is associated with the appearance of tissue insulin sensitivity, and 3) GLUT-2 is expressed early in liver, before the appearance of glucokinase.
在大鼠组织中研究了葡萄糖转运蛋白GLUT-1、GLUT-2和GLUT-4以及己糖激酶HK-I、HK-II和HK-IV（葡萄糖激酶）的个体发生。在棕色脂肪组织中，胎儿期观察到高水平的GLUT-4和HK-II；两者在出生时下降，然后在整个发育过程中增加。出生时，冷暴露增加棕色脂肪组织中GLUT-4和HK-II的表达，而禁食则使其降低。GLUT-1和HK-I存在于胎儿肌肉中，但GLUT-4和HK-II不存在。断奶后骨骼肌中GLUT-4和HK-II的协同出现与胰岛素敏感性的获得同时发生。在心脏中，哺乳期葡萄糖转运蛋白异构体从GLUT-1转换为GLUT-4。断奶后观察到心脏中GLUT-4和HK-II的协同表达。在胎儿肝脏中检测到的GLUT-2在整个发育过程中增加。胎儿肝脏中可检测到GLUT-1和HK-I，而葡萄糖激酶在断奶后出现。断奶后食用高碳水化合物饮食增加肌肉中的GLUT-4和HK-II以及肝脏中的GLUT-2，而食用高脂肪饮食则阻止了这些变化。这些结果表明：1）GLUT-1和HK-I在大多数胎鼠组织中含量丰富；2）GLUT-4和HK-II的表达与组织胰岛素敏感性的出现相关；3）GLUT-2在肝脏中早期表达，早于葡萄糖激酶的出现。
