de la Revilla L, Marcos Ortega B, Castro Gómez J A, Aybar Zurita R, Marín Sánchez I, Mingorance Pérez I
Centro de Salud de Almanjayar, Unidad Docente de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Granada Norte.
Aten Primaria. 1994 Mar 15;13(4):161-4.
To discover the perception of health, social support and family function for asymptomatic HIV carriers.
This was an observation crossover study, using validated questionnaires.
Almanjayar and Cartuja Health Centres in Granada.
58 HIV+ patients belonging to the two basic areas were included. They were selected from the archives of the health centres and from the infectious diseases clinic of the referral hospital. There were an equal number of controls with similar socio-demographic characteristics.
The questionnaires used were as follows: GHQ, DUKE-UNC, the family APGAR, which measure health perception, social support and family function, respectively. Of seropositive patients, 58% presented a negative perception of their health, mainly expressed through symptoms of anguish and anxiety; as against 25% of the control group. As to social support, 29% of the HIV+ carriers perceived low levels of support, as against 6.9% of the control group. We found family dysfunction among 46% of seropositive patients, as against 12% of the control group. The Chi squared test was used for the analysis: all the differences were significant.
Patients who are HIV carriers, even when they are asymptomatic, have a poor health perception, which can be attributed to the nature of the illness. The low level of social support detected, linked to the stress involved in being seropositive, may be the origin of the family dysfunction observed in 46% of our sample. We recommend action at individual, family and community levels in order to improve these patients' quality of life, strength their support structures and restore balance to family function.
了解无症状HIV携带者对健康、社会支持和家庭功能的认知。
这是一项采用经过验证的问卷的观察性交叉研究。
格拉纳达的阿尔曼贾亚尔和卡尔图哈健康中心。
纳入了属于这两个基本区域的58名HIV阳性患者。他们是从健康中心的档案以及转诊医院的传染病诊所中挑选出来的。选取了数量相等的具有相似社会人口学特征的对照组。
所使用的问卷如下：GHQ、杜克大学-北卡罗来纳大学问卷、家庭APGAR问卷，分别用于测量健康认知、社会支持和家庭功能。在血清学阳性患者中，58%对自己的健康有负面认知，主要表现为痛苦和焦虑症状；而对照组为25%。在社会支持方面，29%的HIV携带者认为支持水平较低，而对照组为6.9%。我们发现46%的血清学阳性患者存在家庭功能障碍，而对照组为12%。采用卡方检验进行分析：所有差异均具有统计学意义。
HIV携带者患者，即使处于无症状状态，对健康的认知也较差，这可能归因于疾病的性质。检测到的社会支持水平较低，与血清学阳性所带来的压力有关，可能是我们样本中46%的患者出现家庭功能障碍的根源。我们建议在个人、家庭和社区层面采取行动，以改善这些患者的生活质量，加强他们的支持结构，并恢复家庭功能的平衡。
