Clayton H A, James R F, London N J
Department of Surgery, University of Leicester, UK.
Acta Diabetol. 1993;30(4):181-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00569928.
The original report on the microencapsulation of islets of Langerhans used sodium alginate and poly-L-lysine (PLL) to form the capsules. Although several alternative materials have subsequently been used with vary-mg degrees of success, it is those studies using islets encapsulated in alginate-PLL-alginate which are reviewed in detail in this article. Since the first report of islet microencapsulation, many studies have demonstrated excellent in vitro viability of encapsulated islets. However, transplantation experiments into chemically induced diabetic recipients have yielded varied results, with some studies showing good long-term graft function whilst in others grafts failed due to pericapsular fibrosis. The use of naturally occurring animal models of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes has demonstrated a decline in graft function, suggesting that this presents a more complex problem to be solved than that in chemically induced diabetic recipients. Fibrosis of capsules has been the major problem causing graft failure, and this has been demonstrated to be more severe in spontaneously diabetic models. However, recent advances in alginate purification and attempts to reduce the size of the encapsulated islets are major steps towards encapsulated islet transplants becoming a viable proposition for the treatment of type 1 diabetic patients.
关于胰岛微囊化的最初报道使用海藻酸钠和聚-L-赖氨酸（PLL）来形成胶囊。尽管随后使用了几种替代材料并取得了不同程度的成功，但本文详细回顾的是那些使用包裹在海藻酸盐-PLL-海藻酸盐中的胰岛的研究。自胰岛微囊化的首次报道以来，许多研究已证明包裹后的胰岛在体外具有良好的活力。然而，将其移植到化学诱导的糖尿病受体中的实验结果各不相同，一些研究显示长期移植功能良好，而另一些研究中移植由于包膜周围纤维化而失败。使用自然发生的1型（胰岛素依赖型）糖尿病动物模型已证明移植功能下降，这表明与化学诱导的糖尿病受体相比，这是一个更复杂的需要解决的问题。胶囊的纤维化一直是导致移植失败的主要问题，并且已证明在自发性糖尿病模型中更为严重。然而，海藻酸盐纯化方面的最新进展以及减小包裹胰岛大小的尝试是使包裹胰岛移植成为治疗1型糖尿病患者可行方案的重要步骤。
