Parthasarathy R V, Martin C R
Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.
Nature. 1994 May 26;369(6478):298-301. doi: 10.1038/369298a0.
Current methods for immobilizing enzymes for use in bioreactors and biosensors include adsorption on or covalent attachment to a support, micro-encapsulation, and entrapment within a membrane/film or gel. The ideal immobilization method should employ mild chemical conditions, allow for large quantities of enzyme to be immobilized, provide a large surface area for enzyme-substrate contact within a small total volume, minimize barriers to mass transport of substrate and product, and provide a chemically and mechanically robust system. Here we describe a method for enzyme immobilization that satisfies all of these criteria. We have developed a template-based synthetic method that yields hollow polymeric microcapsules of uniform diameter and length. These microcapsules are arranged in a high-density array in which the individual capsules protrude from a surface like the bristles of a brush. We have developed procedures for filling these microcapsules with high concentrations of enzymes. The enzyme-loaded microcapsule arrays function as enzymatic bioreactors in both aqueous solution and organic solvents.
当前用于固定化酶以用于生物反应器和生物传感器的方法包括吸附在载体上或与载体共价连接、微囊化以及包埋在膜/膜或凝胶中。理想的固定化方法应采用温和的化学条件，允许固定大量的酶，在小总体积内提供大的酶-底物接触表面积，使底物和产物的质量传递障碍最小化，并提供化学和机械稳定的系统。在此，我们描述一种满足所有这些标准的酶固定化方法。我们开发了一种基于模板的合成方法，可产生直径和长度均匀的中空聚合物微胶囊。这些微胶囊排列成高密度阵列，其中单个胶囊从表面突出，就像刷子的刷毛一样。我们已经开发出用高浓度酶填充这些微胶囊的程序。负载酶的微胶囊阵列在水溶液和有机溶剂中均起酶促生物反应器的作用。
