Laub J H, Lauritsen J L
Northeastern University, Radcliffe College, Henry A. Murray Research Center.
Violence Vict. 1993 Fall;8(3):235-52.
In this paper we review the existing longitudinal research on violent criminal behavior. Although interested in comparative research on this topic, we found that virtually all of the longitudinal studies comprised individuals from Western societies. The primary issue we examine concerns the extent to which there are universal patterns of violent behavior over the life course. Based on the available evidence, our best guess is that universal patterns do not exist. It cannot be answered definitively, however, to what extent sociocultural variations in violence reflect differences in opportunity structures or differences in developmental trajectories and transitions over the life course. In order to address these issues, specific recommendations for future research, both within countries and cross-nationally, are presented and discussed.
在本文中，我们回顾了关于暴力犯罪行为的现有纵向研究。尽管我们对该主题的比较研究感兴趣，但发现几乎所有纵向研究的对象都是西方社会的个体。我们研究的主要问题是，在人生历程中暴力行为的普遍模式在多大程度上存在。根据现有证据，我们的最佳猜测是不存在普遍模式。然而，暴力行为的社会文化差异在多大程度上反映了机会结构的差异，或者人生历程中发展轨迹和转变的差异，这一点无法得到确切回答。为了解决这些问题，我们提出并讨论了针对未来国内和跨国研究的具体建议。
