Josefsson J O, Hansson S E
Acta Physiol Scand. 1976 Apr;96(4):443-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1976.tb10214.x.
Lanthanum chloride (greater than or equal to 10(-5) M) induced pinocytosis in normal and at greater than or equal to 10(-4) M in Ca++-deficient amoeba. With respect to the Ca++-requirement of the pinocytotic response low and high concentrations of La+++ had effects like Na+ and K+, respectively. The concentration of La+++ stimulated or inhibited other types of pinocytosis. Thus all concentrations of La+++ inhibited sodium induced pinocytosis while high concentrations (greater than 10(-3) M) stimulated and low concentrations diminished potassium induced pinocytosis. Only the latter effect required the presence of Ca++. In the presence of La+++ other inducers acted either like K+ or Na+. Inducers may cause channel formation by opening a pore for Ca++ in the plasma membrane, Na+ like inducers being less effective than K+-like inducers, and by releasing Ca++ into the cytoplasm from the glycocalyx (Na+-like inducers) or from the entire cell membrane (K+-like inducers). La+++ may diminish the effect of Na+-like inducers and vice versa by direct competition for sites in the glycocalyx and the effect of a K+-like inducer by redistribution of Ca++ in the cell surface. At high concentrations or in the presence of a K+-like inducer La+++ may enter the Ca++ pore, release Ca++ from the interior of the membrane and so induce or stimulate pinocytosis.
氯化镧（大于或等于10⁻⁵M）在正常变形虫中诱导胞饮作用，在钙离子缺乏的变形虫中，浓度大于或等于10⁻⁴M时诱导胞饮作用。关于胞饮反应对钙离子的需求，低浓度和高浓度的镧离子分别具有类似于钠离子和钾离子的作用。镧离子的浓度刺激或抑制其他类型的胞饮作用。因此，所有浓度的镧离子都抑制钠离子诱导的胞饮作用，而高浓度（大于10⁻³M）刺激、低浓度减弱钾离子诱导的胞饮作用。只有后一种效应需要钙离子的存在。在有镧离子存在的情况下，其他诱导剂的作用要么类似于钾离子，要么类似于钠离子。诱导剂可能通过在质膜上为钙离子打开一个孔来导致通道形成，类似于钠离子的诱导剂比类似于钾离子的诱导剂效果差，并且通过从糖萼（类似于钠离子的诱导剂）或整个细胞膜（类似于钾离子的诱导剂）将钙离子释放到细胞质中。镧离子可能通过直接竞争糖萼中的位点来减弱类似于钠离子的诱导剂的作用，反之亦然，并且通过细胞表面钙离子的重新分布来减弱类似于钾离子的诱导剂的作用。在高浓度或有类似于钾离子的诱导剂存在的情况下，镧离子可能进入钙离子孔，从膜内部释放钙离子，从而诱导或刺激胞饮作用。
