Lewis C A
Department of Psychology, University of Ulster at Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
J Psychol. 1994 Mar;128(2):189-96. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1994.9712723.
Freud (1907/1961) outlined parallels between obsessive actions and religious practices, describing how both neurotic and religious practice serve as defensive, self-protective measures involved in the repression of instinctual impulse. Freud also described some differences between the two concepts. To examine these observations, measures of religiosity (the Francis Scale of Attitudes Towards Christianity; Francis & Stubbs, 1987) and obsessional traits and symptoms (the Sandler-Hazari Obsessionality Inventory; Sandler & Hazari, 1960) were administered (N = 139). In both male and female samples, significant correlations were found between the measure of religiosity and obsessional traits but not between religiosity and obsessional symptoms. The results support previous findings linking religiosity and obsessional traits but suggest that differences between religious practices and obsessive actions are greater than their similarities. These findings further illuminate the general relationship between the Francis Scale of Attitudes Towards Christianity and personality.
弗洛伊德（1907/1961）概述了强迫行为与宗教仪式之间的相似之处，描述了神经症行为和宗教仪式如何作为涉及压抑本能冲动的防御性自我保护措施。弗洛伊德还描述了这两个概念之间的一些差异。为了检验这些观察结果，研究者施测了宗教虔诚度量表（《对基督教态度的弗朗西斯量表》；弗朗西斯和斯塔布斯，1987）以及强迫特质和症状量表（《桑德勒-哈扎里强迫性量表》；桑德勒和哈扎里，1960）（N = 139）。在男性和女性样本中，均发现宗教虔诚度量表与强迫特质之间存在显著相关性，但宗教虔诚度与强迫症状之间不存在显著相关性。研究结果支持了之前将宗教虔诚度与强迫特质联系起来的研究发现，但表明宗教仪式与强迫行为之间的差异大于它们的相似之处。这些发现进一步阐明了《对基督教态度的弗朗西斯量表》与人格之间的总体关系。
