Herd D
School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley 94720.
J Stud Alcohol. 1994 Jan;55(1):61-71. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1994.55.61.
This study describes the prevalence of alcohol-related problems and develops predictive models to explain racial differences in subsamples of 494 black and 568 white men from a national probability survey of drinking patterns and problems. The results showed that although black men exhibited higher mean scores on many types of alcohol-related problems, they did not report significantly higher rates of heavier drinking and drunkenness, nor did they score higher on a scale of permissiveness of drinking norms. A hierarchical regression analysis indicated that race independently predicts problem scores even when controlling for other social and demographic factors. Moreover, an interactive model showed that race interacts significantly with the frequency of heavier drinking and some sociodemographic characteristics. As the frequency of heavier drinking increases, rates of drinking problems rise faster among black men than white men. Religion and unemployment also had different effects on rates of alcohol-related problems in each group of men. These findings suggest that racial differences in the prevalence of drinking problems might be related to differences in the sociocultural context of drinking and in the material conditions under which black and white men live.
本研究描述了与酒精相关问题的患病率,并建立了预测模型,以解释来自全国饮酒模式和问题概率调查的494名黑人男性和568名白人男性子样本中的种族差异。结果显示,尽管黑人男性在许多类型的与酒精相关问题上表现出较高的平均得分,但他们报告的重度饮酒和醉酒率并未显著更高,在饮酒规范宽容度量表上的得分也没有更高。分层回归分析表明,即使在控制了其他社会和人口因素后,种族仍能独立预测问题得分。此外,一个交互模型显示,种族与重度饮酒频率以及一些社会人口特征之间存在显著交互作用。随着重度饮酒频率的增加,黑人男性中饮酒问题的发生率比白人男性上升得更快。宗教和失业对每组男性中与酒精相关问题的发生率也有不同影响。这些发现表明,饮酒问题患病率的种族差异可能与饮酒的社会文化背景以及黑人和白人男性生活的物质条件差异有关。