Herd D, Grube J
California Public Health Foundation, Berkeley, USA.
Addiction. 1996 Jun;91(6):845-57. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1996.91684510.x.
The relationship between ethnic identity and drinking patterns was explored in 1947 black adults from a nation-wide study of drinking behavior. Factor analysis revealed that a multi-dimensional construct which included four factors-media preferences, socio-political awareness, endogamy and social networks-was necessary to operationalize and measure the concept of ethnic identity. Using structural equation modeling, a model was tested which analyzed the impact of ethnic identification on religiosity and drinking norms, which in turn were predictors of drinking and heavier drinking latent variables. The results showed that ethnic identity influenced drinking behavior indirectly through its effects on drinking norms and religiosity as well as directly. Most aspects of ethnic identity decreased drinking levels. Respondents who scored higher on involvement with black social networks and black social and political awareness drank at lower levels than other respondents. These results were attributed to the prevalence of norms for abstinence and high levels of social control regarding drinking in black communities. However, high scores on using black media increased drinking rates. It was suggested that the promotion of alcohol use in black orientated media as well as the social settings attended by those who prefer black media might increase alcohol consumption.
在一项针对饮酒行为的全国性研究中，对1947名黑人成年人的种族认同与饮酒模式之间的关系进行了探究。因子分析表明，一个包含媒体偏好、社会政治意识、族内通婚和社会网络这四个因素的多维结构对于实施和衡量种族认同概念是必要的。使用结构方程模型，对一个模型进行了测试，该模型分析了种族认同对宗教信仰和饮酒规范的影响，而宗教信仰和饮酒规范反过来又是饮酒和重度饮酒潜在变量的预测因素。结果表明，种族认同通过其对饮酒规范和宗教信仰的影响间接影响饮酒行为，也有直接影响。种族认同的大多数方面都降低了饮酒水平。在参与黑人社会网络以及黑人社会和政治意识方面得分较高的受访者饮酒量低于其他受访者。这些结果归因于黑人社区中戒酒规范的普遍存在以及对饮酒的高度社会控制。然而，在使用黑人媒体方面得分较高会增加饮酒率。研究表明，以黑人为导向的媒体中对酒精使用的宣传以及那些偏好黑人媒体的人所参与的社交场合可能会增加酒精消费。
