Rodríguez Tapioles R, Pueyos Sánchez A, Bueno Cavanillas A, Delgado Rodríguez M, Gálvez Vargas R
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada.
Med Clin (Barc). 1994 Apr 23;102(15):571-4.
Smoking is the main cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in Europe. The effect of smoking is not constant with the diseases related to it. The goal of this study is to estimate poblational etiologic fractions (PEF), as the proportion of disease attributable to smoking in the reference population, for those disease clearly related to smoking in Granada.
The PEF depend upon relative risk (RR) and the proportion of exposed subjects in the target population. Meta-analytic procedures, following the Woolf's method, were applied to estimate weighted RR between smoking and each one of the diseases studied. A survey on a random sample of all Granadian population to assess the prevalence of smoking was performed.
The PEF were always higher for males than for females. In males, the highest figures were for lung cancer (85%) and chronic obstructive lung disease (84%); whilst in females lung cancer and peripheral artery disease reached the greatest figures, 55% and 51%, respectively.
The figures obtained outline the need for improving antismoking campaigns and allow to quantify the maximum potential benefit to be got if smoking was quit by the Granadian population.
吸烟是欧洲可预防发病和死亡的主要原因。吸烟对与其相关疾病的影响并非一成不变。本研究的目的是估计人群病因分数（PEF），即归因于吸烟的疾病在参考人群中所占的比例，针对格拉纳达那些与吸烟明确相关的疾病。
PEF取决于相对风险（RR）以及目标人群中暴露于吸烟的受试者比例。采用伍尔夫方法的荟萃分析程序来估计吸烟与所研究的每种疾病之间的加权RR。对格拉纳达全体人口的随机样本进行了一项调查，以评估吸烟的患病率。
男性的PEF始终高于女性。在男性中，最高数值出现在肺癌（85%）和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（84%）；而在女性中，肺癌和外周动脉疾病的数值最高，分别为55%和51%。
所获得的数据表明有必要加强戒烟运动，并能够量化如果格拉纳达人群戒烟所能获得的最大潜在益处。
