Waters E, Posada G, Crowell J A, Lay K L
Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794.
Psychiatry. 1994 Feb;57(1):32-42. doi: 10.1080/00332747.1994.11024666.
After two decades of theoretical and descriptive work, we know a great deal about the developmental course of early attachment relationships. We know considerably less about the mechanisms underlying consistency and change. Indeed, the most pressing issue in attachment theory is to explain well-replicated correlations between early care and subsequent patterns of secure base behavior, and between secure base behavior in infancy and subsequent behavior with parents and siblings, social competence, self-esteem, and behavior problems. As a step in this direction, we examine Bowlby's developmental outline, with an eye toward providing greater detail and incorporating traditional learning mechanisms into Bowlby's attachment theory.
经过二十年的理论和描述性研究，我们对早期依恋关系的发展过程有了很多了解。但对于其稳定性和变化背后的机制，我们所知甚少。事实上，依恋理论中最紧迫的问题是解释早期照料与随后的安全基地行为模式之间，以及婴儿期的安全基地行为与随后与父母、兄弟姐妹的行为、社会能力、自尊和行为问题之间反复出现的相关性。作为朝着这个方向迈出的一步，我们审视了鲍尔比的发展概述，旨在提供更多细节，并将传统学习机制纳入鲍尔比的依恋理论。
