O'Brien P, Smith P A
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 1994 Mar;6(1):215-26.
Hypoxemia, visible as cyanosis, is present in infants and children with congenital cardiac defects that result in arterial desaturation. Although many of these defects can be surgically repaired, some children remain cyanotic. Chronic cyanosis causes adaptive changes such as polycythemia and potentially damaging changes in other organ systems. This article reviews the assessment and management of patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease. The physiologic consequences and associated medical problems of chronic cyanosis are highlighted. Nursing implications in caring for cyanotic children and young adults are discussed.
低氧血症表现为发绀，见于患有导致动脉血氧饱和度降低的先天性心脏缺陷的婴幼儿和儿童。尽管其中许多缺陷可通过手术修复，但仍有一些儿童会持续发绀。慢性发绀会引起适应性变化，如红细胞增多症，以及其他器官系统的潜在损害性变化。本文综述了青紫型先天性心脏病患者的评估和管理。重点介绍了慢性发绀的生理后果及相关医学问题。还讨论了护理青紫型儿童和青少年的注意事项。
