Szolar D, Preidler K, Ranner G, Braun H, Kern R, Wolf G, Stammberger H, Ebner F
Department of Radiology, Karl Franzens University Hospital, Graz, Austria.
Br J Radiol. 1994 May;67(797):431-5. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-67-797-431.
Magnetic resonance images of the sphenoid sinus in 401 patients under 15 years old were reviewed to establish normal age-related standards. T1-weighted sagittal and T2-weighted axial scans were evaluated for bone marrow conversion, development of pneumatization, spatial enlargement and septation of the sphenoid sinus. The sphenoid sinus had a uniformly low signal intensity (red bone marrow) on T1-weighted images in all children less than 4 months old. Signal intensity changes from hypointense to hyperintense (bone marrow conversion) started at the age of 4 months. Onset of pneumatization was observed in 12% of the patients at age 13-15 months. By age 43-48 months, 85% of the patients showed pneumatization of the anterior part of the sphenoid bone. Pneumatization was complete in all patients older than 10 years. Enlargement of the sinus showed a characteristic profile in each dimension. Median septation was observed irregularly with age, with a maximum of 77%. Septum variants were noticed between 4.5% and 20%. Because paediatric sinus disease is a challenging problem in children, these results may be useful as baseline standards of normal age-related development of the sphenoid sinus during childhood.
回顾了401例15岁以下患者的蝶窦磁共振成像，以建立与年龄相关的正常标准。对T1加权矢状位和T2加权轴位扫描进行评估，以观察骨髓转化、气化发育、蝶窦的空间扩大和分隔情况。在所有4个月以下的儿童中，蝶窦在T1加权图像上呈均匀低信号强度（红骨髓）。4个月大时开始出现信号强度从低信号变为高信号（骨髓转化）。13 - 15个月大的患者中，12%观察到气化开始。到43 - 48个月大时，85%的患者蝶骨前部出现气化。10岁以上的所有患者气化均完成。蝶窦在各个维度上的扩大呈现出特征性形态。中隔随年龄不规则出现，最高可达77%。发现间隔变异在4.5%至20%之间。由于小儿鼻窦疾病在儿童中是一个具有挑战性的问题，这些结果可能作为儿童期蝶窦与年龄相关正常发育的基线标准。
