Szolar D, Preidler K, Ranner G, Braun H, Kugler C, Wolf G, Stammberger H, Ebner F
Department of Radiology, Karl Franzens University Hospital, Graz, Austria.
Surg Radiol Anat. 1994;16(2):193-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01627594.
To obtain baseline standards of normal age-related development of the sphenoid sinus during childhood magnetic resonance images of the sphenoid sinus in 401 patients less than 15 years old were reviewed. T1-weighted sagittal and T2-weighted axial scans were evaluated for bone marrow conversion, development of pneumatization, spatial enlargement and septation of the sphenoid sinus. The sphenoid sinus had a uniformly low signal intensity (red bone marrow) on T1-weighted images in all children less than 4 months old. Signal intensity changes from hypo- to hyperintense (bone marrow conversion) started at age of 4 months. Onset of pneumatization was observed in 12% of the patients at age 13-15 months. By age 43-48 months, 85% of the patients showed pneumatization of the anterior part of the sphenoid bone. Pneumatization was complete in all patients older than 10 years. Enlargement of the sinus showed a characteristic profile in each dimension. Median septation was observed irregularly with age, with a maximum of 77%. Septum variants were noticed between 4.5% and 20%. The recognition of this phenomenon may serve as a reference for evaluating normal and abnormal development of the sphenoid sinus and may be of great value for diagnostic and therapeutic management of pathologic conditions of the child's sphenoid sinus and its surrounds.
为了获得蝶窦在儿童期与年龄相关的正常发育的基线标准，我们回顾了401例15岁以下患者的蝶窦磁共振成像。对T1加权矢状位和T2加权轴位扫描进行评估，以观察骨髓转化、气化发育、蝶窦的空间扩大和分隔情况。在所有4个月以下的儿童中，蝶窦在T1加权图像上均呈现均匀的低信号强度（红骨髓）。4个月大时开始出现信号强度从低到高的变化（骨髓转化）。13 - 15个月大的患者中，12%观察到气化开始。到43 - 48个月大时，85%的患者蝶骨前部出现气化。10岁以上的所有患者气化均完成。蝶窦在各个维度上的扩大呈现出特征性的形态。中隔的出现随年龄不规则变化，最高可达77%。中隔变异在4.5%至20%之间被观察到。认识到这一现象可为评估蝶窦的正常和异常发育提供参考，对于儿童蝶窦及其周围病理状况的诊断和治疗管理可能具有重要价值。
