Fuglsang G, Madsen G, Halken S, Jørgensen S, Ostergaard P A, Osterballe O
Department of Pediatrics, Viborg Hospital, Denmark.
Allergy. 1994 Jan;49(1):31-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00770.x.
In a multicenter study conducted at four Danish hospital pediatric departments, the parents of 472 consecutive children were informed of this project to determine the incidence of intolerance of food additives among children referred to an allergy clinic with symptoms of asthma, atopic dermatitis, rhinitis, or urticaria. After a 2-week period on an additive-free diet, the children were challenged with the eliminated additives. The food additives investigated were coloring agents, preservatives, citric acid, and flavoring agents. Carbonated "lemonade" containing the dissolved additives was used for the open challenge. Two doses were used: a low dose and a 10-fold higher dose. Gelatin capsules were used for a double-blind challenge. The children were 4-15 years old, and they were attending an outpatient pediatric clinic for the first time. Of the 379 patients who entered the study, 44 were excluded and 335 were subjected to open challenge. A total of 23 children developed positive reactions after the open challenge. Sixteen of these patients accepted the double-blind challenge, and six showed a positive reaction to preservatives (atopic dermatitis, asthma, rhinitis), coloring agents (atopic dermatitis, asthma, urticaria, gastrointestinal symptoms), and citric acid (atopic dermatitis, gastrointestinal symptoms). The incidence of intolerance of food additives was 2% (6/335), as based on the double-blind challenge, and 7% (23/335), as based on the open challenge with lemonade. Children with atopic skin symptoms had a statistically increased risk of a positive reaction. This may have consequences for the future clinical investigation of children with atopic cutaneous symptoms.
在丹麦四个医院儿科部门开展的一项多中心研究中，连续472名儿童的家长被告知该项目，以确定转诊至过敏诊所、有哮喘、特应性皮炎、鼻炎或荨麻疹症状的儿童中食品添加剂不耐受的发生率。在进行为期2周的无添加剂饮食后，让孩子们接触被剔除的添加剂。所研究的食品添加剂有色素、防腐剂、柠檬酸和调味剂。含有溶解添加剂的碳酸“柠檬水”用于开放性激发试验。使用了两种剂量：低剂量和高10倍的剂量。明胶胶囊用于双盲激发试验。这些儿童年龄在4至15岁之间，且首次到儿科门诊就诊。在进入研究的379名患者中，44名被排除，335名接受开放性激发试验。共有23名儿童在开放性激发试验后出现阳性反应。其中16名患者接受双盲激发试验，6名对防腐剂（特应性皮炎、哮喘、鼻炎）、色素（特应性皮炎、哮喘、荨麻疹、胃肠道症状）和柠檬酸（特应性皮炎、胃肠道症状）呈阳性反应。基于双盲激发试验，食品添加剂不耐受的发生率为2%（6/335），基于柠檬水开放性激发试验的发生率为7%（23/335）。有特应性皮肤症状的儿童出现阳性反应的风险在统计学上有所增加。这可能会对未来患有特应性皮肤症状儿童的临床研究产生影响。
