Wronkowski Z, Bielska-Lasota M
Department of Cancer Prevention, Maria Skłodowska-Curie, Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 1993;14 Suppl:13-22.
The over 400-year history of struggle against cancer in Poland is presented in this work, from its beginning, marked by the establishment of the first hospital for cancer patients in Warsaw in 1592, up to the achievement of the main aim of the National Cancer Programme, i.e., the recent construction of a large modern cancer centre in Warsaw. In the meantime, a number of significant events have taken place in Poland for example, studies on cancer conducted in the 17th-19th centuries, a report on cancer mortality data which was published in 1888, and the Warsaw Committee on Cancer Research and Control, established in 1906. As regards the 20th century, the National Cancer Research and Control programmes were carried out (in 1924, 1952 and 1975), among other activities. An oncological network was built up in Poland based on 11 comprehensive cancer control centres and provincial outpatient clinics. At present, out of each 100,000 new cancer cases more than 70,000 die every year in Poland. The leading localizations in males are: lung (30.5%), stomach (9.8%), larynx (5.5%), prostate (5.1%) and urinary bladder (5.0%); in females: breast (17.5%), cervix uteri (9.8%), lung (6.6%), stomach (6.2%) and ovary (6.2%). Cancer patients' estimated probability of surviving 5 years is 26.4% (males) and 39.8% (females).
这部作品呈现了波兰400多年来抗击癌症的历史，从1592年在华沙建立第一家癌症患者医院为开端，直至国家癌症计划的主要目标得以实现，即最近在华沙建成一座大型现代化癌症中心。在此期间，波兰发生了许多重大事件，例如17至19世纪开展的癌症研究、1888年发表的一份癌症死亡率数据报告，以及1906年成立的华沙癌症研究与控制委员会。至于20世纪，除其他活动外，还实施了国家癌症研究与控制计划（分别于1924年、1952年和1975年）。波兰基于11个综合癌症控制中心和省级门诊诊所建立了肿瘤学网络。目前，在波兰，每10万例新增癌症病例中，每年有超过7万例死亡。男性中主要发病部位为：肺癌（30.5%）、胃癌（9.8%）、喉癌（5.5%）、前列腺癌（5.1%）和膀胱癌（5.0%）；女性中为：乳腺癌（17.5%）、宫颈癌（9.8%）、肺癌（6.6%）、胃癌（6.2%）和卵巢癌（6.2%）。癌症患者估计的5年生存率为男性26.4%，女性39.8%。
