Reichlin M
Department of Medical Humanities, Scientific Institute H San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
J Med Philos. 1994 Feb;19(1):79-102. doi: 10.1093/jmp/19.1.79.
Different definitions of bioethics in American and Italian literature are reported. It is argued that they refer to three different conceptions of the epistemological status of bioethics: the first conceives of it as an application of moral principles to biomedical problems, the second as a methodology for the working out of clinical judgement, the third as a broader and interdisciplinary public inquiry. It is suggested that each approach grasps a part of the truth, for each singles out one level of the bioethical work. Bioethics is in fact a complex, three-level form of knowledge. The misunderstanding of this complexity has led to some confusion and to conflicts of attribution among those who are concerned with it.
文中报道了美国和意大利文献中对生物伦理学的不同定义。有人认为，它们涉及生物伦理学认识论地位的三种不同概念：第一种将其视为道德原则在生物医学问题中的应用，第二种将其视为制定临床判断的一种方法，第三种将其视为更广泛的跨学科公共探究。有人提出，每种方法都抓住了部分真相，因为每种方法都挑出了生物伦理工作的一个层面。事实上，生物伦理学是一种复杂的、三个层面的知识形式。对这种复杂性的误解导致了一些困惑以及相关人士之间的归属冲突。
