Multiple manifestations of renovascular hypertension.

We report a case of hyponatremia, polyuria-polydipsia, hypokalemia, nephrotic syndrome, and hypertension caused by unilateral renal ischemia, and the resolution after nephrectomy of the ischemic kidney. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis seems to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of these features. Mechanisms by which angiotensin II, hypokalemia, and proteinuria can affect salt and water balances, and the role of angiotensin II as a cause of heavy proteinuria are discussed. Renovascular hypertension should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and polyuria-polydipsia.