Nishio J, Matsuya T, Ibuki K, Miyazaki T
Cleft Palate J. 1976 Jul;13:201-14.
The present study was designed to clarify the role of the motor nerves in velopharyngeal movements. Experiments were carried out on 15 anesthetized rhesus monkeys on the assumption that their velopharyngeal structures are similar to those of human beings. The pattern and degree of velopharyngeal movements with stimulation to the facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves in the petrosal area were analyzed by means of fiberscopic observations. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Velopharyngeal movements were most active with stimulation to the vagus, then the glossopharyngeal, and, finally, the facial nerve. 2. Complete closure by unilateral stimulation was elicited only by the vagus nerve and not the facial or glossopharyngeal nerves. 3. The pattern of velopharyngeal movements observed when stimulating the facial nerve was quite different from those seen when the glossopharyngeal or the vagus nerve was stimulated. That is, movements in a plane at the upper part of the nasopharynx were observed on stimulating the facial nerve while upward movements from all of the velopharyngeal structures were seen when the glossopharyngeal or vagus nerve was stimulated. 4. Combined stimulation to the nerves sometimes resulted in additive effects on velopharyngeal movements, but these could be recognized in only a few cases. This study reveals that the motor nerves innervating the velopharyngeal muscles play different roles in velopharyngeal movements.
本研究旨在阐明运动神经在腭咽运动中的作用。实验以15只麻醉恒河猴为对象，假定其腭咽结构与人类相似。通过纤维镜观察分析了在岩部区域刺激面神经、舌咽神经和迷走神经时腭咽运动的模式和程度。获得的结果如下：1. 刺激迷走神经时腭咽运动最活跃，其次是舌咽神经，最后是面神经。2. 仅迷走神经单侧刺激可引起完全闭合，而面神经或舌咽神经则不能。3. 刺激面神经时观察到的腭咽运动模式与刺激舌咽神经或迷走神经时明显不同。也就是说，刺激面神经时观察到鼻咽上部平面的运动，而刺激舌咽神经或迷走神经时可见所有腭咽结构向上运动。4. 神经联合刺激有时会对腭咽运动产生累加效应，但仅在少数情况下可识别。本研究表明，支配腭咽肌的运动神经在腭咽运动中发挥不同作用。
