Boaziz C, Mazeron J J, Morere J F, Breau J L, Israël L
Service d'oncologie médicale, hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France.
Bull Cancer. 1993 Jul;80(7):577-83.
Intraocular melanoma is the most common primary ocular malignancy in Whites. Epidemiologic studies demonstrated the role of sun exposure as a risk for uveal melanoma. Conservative treatment techniques are indicated for localised tumors when feasible. External radiation therapy and radioactive eye plaque brachytherapy seem as effective as surgery in term of survival. High tumor doses can be safely administered with either helium or proton beams. A partial preservation of the vision is possible in most of patients. However, even for locally controlled patients, distant metastases can occur. Liver is the most frequent metastatic site, and also the first involved. Liver metastases are associated with a low response rate, to dacarbazine and nitrosourea. Recent studies using a new nitrosourea, fotemustine, administered locally through an intra-arterial catheter, show that it produces encouraging results with a good hepatic and hematologic tolerance.
眼内黑色素瘤是白人中最常见的原发性眼部恶性肿瘤。流行病学研究表明，阳光照射是葡萄膜黑色素瘤的一个风险因素。对于可行的局限性肿瘤，应采用保守治疗技术。就生存率而言，外照射放疗和放射性眼敷贴近距离放疗似乎与手术一样有效。使用氦或质子束可以安全地给予高肿瘤剂量。大多数患者有可能部分保留视力。然而，即使是局部控制的患者也可能发生远处转移。肝脏是最常见的转移部位，也是首先受累的部位。肝转移对达卡巴嗪和亚硝基脲的反应率较低。最近的研究使用一种新的亚硝基脲——福莫司汀，通过动脉内导管局部给药，结果显示它产生了令人鼓舞的结果，且肝脏和血液学耐受性良好。
