Gaworski C L, Vollmuth T A, Dozier M M, Heck J D, Dunn L T, Ratajczak H V, Thomas P T
Lorillard Tobacco Co., Research Center, Greenboro, NC 27420-1688.
Food Chem Toxicol. 1994 May;32(5):409-15. doi: 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90038-8.
A rapid screening protocol incorporating key elements of the US National Toxicology Program's immunotoxicity tier testing strategy was used to evaluate the effects of 35 commonly used food flavouring ingredients on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. The test compounds were administered intragastrically on a daily basis for 5 days at three dose levels to female CD-1 or B6C3F1 mice, 6-8 wk old. A host resistance assay (Listeria monocytogenes bacterial challenge) was conducted to assess cell-mediated immunity. Humoral immunity was measured by the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep erythrocytes. Body weights, lymphoid organ weights and spleen cellularity were also measured. Cyclophosphamide (80 mg/kg) served as an immunosuppressive positive control agent. The results indicated that the majority of the flavouring ingredients tested did not modulate the cell-mediated or humoral immune response. However, at very high dose levels, two of the materials tested, peppermint oil and citral dimethyl acetal, did increase mortality rate and reduce survival time in the host resistance assay. Neither of these materials significantly altered the PFC response. This rapid, economical screening battery for potential immunotoxicants proved to be a useful means of evaluating a large number of structurally diverse compounds and mixtures to prioritize them for more definitive testing.
采用一种结合了美国国家毒理学计划免疫毒性分级测试策略关键要素的快速筛选方案，来评估35种常用食品调味成分对体液免疫和细胞介导免疫反应的影响。将受试化合物以三种剂量水平，每日经胃内给药，持续5天，给予6 - 8周龄的雌性CD - 1或B6C3F1小鼠。进行宿主抵抗力试验（单核细胞增生李斯特菌攻击试验）以评估细胞介导的免疫力。通过对绵羊红细胞的抗体空斑形成细胞（PFC）反应来测量体液免疫。还测量了体重、淋巴器官重量和脾细胞数。环磷酰胺（80 mg/kg）用作免疫抑制阳性对照剂。结果表明，所测试的大多数调味成分并未调节细胞介导或体液免疫反应。然而，在非常高的剂量水平下，所测试的两种物质，薄荷油和柠檬醛二甲基缩醛，确实在宿主抵抗力试验中增加了死亡率并缩短了存活时间。这两种物质均未显著改变PFC反应。这种用于潜在免疫毒物的快速、经济的筛选组合被证明是评估大量结构多样的化合物和混合物以便将它们列为更确定性测试优先对象的有用手段。
