Domingo J L
Laboratory of Toxicology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.
J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Jun;42(2):123-41. doi: 10.1080/15287399409531868.
It is well established that certain metals are toxic to embryonic and fetal tissues and can induce teratogenicity in mammals. The main objective of this paper has been to summarize the toxic effects that excesses of certain metals may cause on mammalian development. The reviewed elements have been divided into four groups: (a) metals of greatest toxicological significance (arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, and uranium) that are wide-spread in the human environment, (b) essential trace metals (chromium, cobalt, manganese, selenium, and zinc), (c) other metals with evident biological interest (nickel and vanadium), and (d) metals of pharmacological interest (aluminum, gallium, and lithium). A summary of the therapeutic use of chelating agents in the prevention of metal-induced developmental toxicity has also been included. meso-2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS) have been reported to be effective in alleviating arsenic- and mercury-induced teratogenesis, whereas sodium 4,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,3-disulfonate (Tiron) would protect against vanadium- and uranium-induced developmental toxicity.
众所周知，某些金属对胚胎和胎儿组织有毒性，可在哺乳动物中诱发致畸性。本文的主要目的是总结某些金属过量可能对哺乳动物发育造成的毒性影响。所综述的元素分为四组：(a) 具有最大毒理学意义的金属（砷、镉、铅、汞和铀），它们在人类环境中广泛存在；(b) 必需的微量元素（铬、钴、锰、硒和锌）；(c) 具有明显生物学意义的其他金属（镍和钒）；(d) 具有药理学意义的金属（铝、镓和锂）。还包括了螯合剂在预防金属诱导的发育毒性方面的治疗用途总结。据报道，内消旋-2,3-二巯基丁二酸（DMSA）和2,3-二巯基丙烷-1-磺酸钠（DMPS）可有效减轻砷和汞诱导的致畸作用，而4,5-二羟基苯-1,3-二磺酸钠（钛铁试剂）可预防钒和铀诱导的发育毒性。
