Issa F G, Porostocky S
Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary Health Science Centre, Alberta, Canada.
Respir Physiol. 1993 Aug;93(2):175-87. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(93)90004-t.
We studied the effect of sleep on the characteristics of sigh breaths and the associated changes in breathing pattern in breaths following spontaneous sighs in 4 unrestrained dogs with an intact upper airway. The sigh breath was characterized by its large tidal volume (VT), long TI and TE in comparison with the control breath. The volume of the sigh breath was larger in awake sighs than in those recorded during non-REM (NREM) and REM sleep. The strength of Hering-Breuer reflex as determined by duration of the post-sigh apnea was similar in NREM and REM sleep. Sighs occurring during wakefulness, NREM and REM sleep were associated with augmented activity of the parasternal muscles during inspiration, and a persistent tonic abdominal muscle activity during the expiratory period. Breathing pattern in the post-sigh period was characterized by a smaller VT and longer TE in the first post-sigh breath in all sleep states (compared with the control breath), but the pattern returned to control level within the second or third post-sigh breath in both NREM and REM sleep. Sighs did not precipitate periodic breathing or other forms of abnormal breathing patterns in either wakefulness or sleep. We conclude that the respiratory control mechanisms stabilizing breathing after a sigh in the awake dog are intact in NREM and REM sleep.
我们研究了睡眠对4只上呼吸道完整且未受束缚的犬类叹息呼吸特征以及叹息后呼吸模式相关变化的影响。与对照呼吸相比，叹息呼吸的特征为潮气量（VT）大、吸气时间（TI）和呼气时间（TE）长。清醒时的叹息呼吸量大于非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠和快速眼动（REM）睡眠期间记录到的叹息呼吸量。根据叹息后呼吸暂停的持续时间确定，NREM睡眠和REM睡眠中黑林-布雷尔反射的强度相似。清醒、NREM睡眠和REM睡眠期间出现的叹息与吸气时胸骨旁肌活动增强以及呼气期持续的腹肌紧张活动有关。在所有睡眠状态下，叹息后时期的呼吸模式特征为第一次叹息后呼吸的VT较小且TE较长（与对照呼吸相比），但在NREM睡眠和REM睡眠中，呼吸模式在第二次或第三次叹息后呼吸内恢复到对照水平。叹息在清醒或睡眠状态下均未引发周期性呼吸或其他形式的异常呼吸模式。我们得出结论，清醒犬类叹息后稳定呼吸的呼吸控制机制在NREM睡眠和REM睡眠中是完整的。
