Wilhelmi G
Z Rheumatol. 1993 Jul-Aug;52(4):191-200.
A short period of fasting leads, in the mouse, to usually reversible damage to chondrocytes and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis often to a temporary improvement. Slight hypo-alimentation and a low-caloric diet reduce the spontaneous development of osteo-arthritis in the mouse, whereas a high-caloric diet promotes the disease. In man, mice, and, in particular, fattened animals, obesity is often associated with forms of osteo-arthritis. In such cases, it may be assumed that metabolic damage to cartilage is involved as well as damage due to weight-bearing forces. Elderly people, i.e., persons with a predisposition to osteo-arthritis, often suffer from a generalized vitamin deficiency. Vitamins E, B2, and C have been shown to exert an inhibitory effect on osteo-arthritis in animals, and it has been found that supplementation therapy, particularly with vitamin E and the combination of vitamins B1, B6, and B12, can exert a beneficial effect on the symptomatology of human degenerative joint disease. Mineral deficits in calcium, zinc and selenium (Kashin-Beck disease; endemic osteo-arthritis deformans) can provoke skeletal damage in humans and animals. On the other hand, calcium, iron, and copper have been reported to give rise to storage diseases, in some cases with involvement of articular cartilage. There have been indications that chondrotoxic damage may result from food contaminants. So far very little is known about the influence of phytopharmacodynamic substances (other than derivatives of rutin and rhein) on osteo-arthritis. The large gaps in our knowledge of the chondrotropic properties of the constituents of food and common stimulants underline the need for further investigations.
短时间禁食会导致小鼠软骨细胞通常可逆的损伤，而在类风湿性关节炎患者中往往会带来暂时的改善。轻度营养不足和低热量饮食会减少小鼠骨关节炎的自发发展，而高热量饮食则会促进该病发展。在人类、小鼠尤其是肥胖动物中，肥胖常与骨关节炎的某些形式相关。在这种情况下，可以认为软骨的代谢损伤以及负重力量造成的损伤都有涉及。老年人，即有骨关节炎易感性的人群，常患有全身性维生素缺乏症。维生素E、B2和C已被证明对动物骨关节炎有抑制作用，并且已经发现补充疗法，特别是补充维生素E以及维生素B1、B6和B12的组合，对人类退行性关节疾病的症状可以产生有益影响。钙、锌和硒的矿物质缺乏（大骨节病；地方性变形性骨关节炎）会在人和动物中引发骨骼损伤。另一方面，据报道钙、铁和铜会引发储存疾病，在某些情况下会累及关节软骨。有迹象表明食物污染物可能导致软骨毒性损伤。到目前为止，关于植物药效物质（除芦丁和大黄酸衍生物外）对骨关节炎的影响知之甚少。我们对食物成分和常见刺激物的亲软骨特性的认识存在很大差距，这突出表明需要进一步研究。
