Naganuma H, Takahashi H, Okamoto M, Yao K, Iwabuchi K
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
Auris Nasus Larynx. 1993;20(2):145-54. doi: 10.1016/s0385-8146(12)80242-2.
Ten patients under 20 years of age, with malignant tumors of the head and neck was treated at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Kitasato University Hospital from August 1971 to December 1989. The primary lesions were situated in the nose and paranasal sinuses in 3, middle ear in 2, epipharynx in 2, and parapharynx, esophagus, and neck in 1 patient. Histological examination indicated 3 rhabdomyosarcomas, 2 malignant lymphomas, and 1 each of neuroblastoma, malignant neuroendocrine tumor, transitional cell carcinoma, lymphepithelioma, and squamous cell carcinoma. The sites of origin and histopathology of malignant tumors in such patients usually differ from those in adults. Well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck is common in adults but not in children, in whom non-epithelial malignant tumors or sarcomas are not rare. Radiotherapy is more effective for treating malignant tumors of the head and neck in young than in adults. Eight of 10 patients are still alive, 7 of whom for 5 years or more. Two with rhabdomyosarcoma died.
1971年8月至1989年12月期间，北里大学医院耳鼻咽喉科收治了10例20岁以下的头颈部恶性肿瘤患者。原发灶位于鼻及鼻窦3例，中耳2例，下咽2例，咽旁、食管及颈部各1例。组织学检查显示3例横纹肌肉瘤，2例恶性淋巴瘤，神经母细胞瘤、恶性神经内分泌肿瘤、移行细胞癌、淋巴上皮瘤及鳞状细胞癌各1例。此类患者恶性肿瘤的起源部位和组织病理学通常与成人不同。头颈部高分化鳞状细胞癌在成人中常见，但在儿童中不常见，儿童中非上皮性恶性肿瘤或肉瘤并不罕见。放疗对治疗年轻人的头颈部恶性肿瘤比成人更有效。10例患者中有8例仍存活，其中7例存活5年或更长时间。2例横纹肌肉瘤患者死亡。
