Cunningham M J, Myers E N, Bluestone C D
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1987 Oct;13(3):279-92. doi: 10.1016/0165-5876(87)90109-1.
This 20-year (1965-1985) retrospective review identified 241 children under the age of 19 years who presented with a malignancy of the head and neck. Hodgkin's disease and other malignant lymphomas predominated, accounting for 59% of the total number of cases. Soft tissue sarcomas, specifically rhabdomyosarcoma, were the next most common lesions (17.5%). Thyroid carcinomas (10%), neuroblastomas (5%), nasopharyngeal carcinomas (5%), salivary gland malignancies (2.5%), and malignant teratomas (1%) accounted for the remaining cases. The neck was the primary site of presentation, followed by the naso-oropharynx, orbit, face and scalp, salivary glands, and aural region, in descending order of frequency. Advances in the diagnosis, staging and treatment of children with malignant tumors of the head and neck have occurred since the last comprehensive survey of such lesions was published in 1973. Otolaryngologists must be aware of these advances in order to remain active members of a multi-discipline team responsible for the care of these children.
这项为期20年（1965 - 1985年）的回顾性研究确定了241名19岁以下患有头颈部恶性肿瘤的儿童。霍奇金病和其他恶性淋巴瘤占主导地位，占病例总数的59%。软组织肉瘤，特别是横纹肌肉瘤，是其次最常见的病变（17.5%）。甲状腺癌（10%）、神经母细胞瘤（5%）、鼻咽癌（5%）、涎腺恶性肿瘤（2.5%）和恶性畸胎瘤（1%）占其余病例。颈部是主要的发病部位，其次是鼻 - 口咽、眼眶、面部和头皮、涎腺以及耳部区域，按频率从高到低排列。自1973年上次发表此类病变的全面调查以来，头颈部恶性肿瘤患儿的诊断、分期和治疗已取得进展。耳鼻喉科医生必须了解这些进展，以便继续作为负责照料这些儿童的多学科团队的积极成员。
