Trnka L, Danková D, Svandová E
Institute of Chest Disease, Prague, Czech Republic.
Tuber Lung Dis. 1993 Aug;74(4):288-92. doi: 10.1016/0962-8479(93)90056-4.
In 1986 the compulsory mass BCG vaccination of infants born in a selected area of the Czech Republic was abolished. The observed annual risk of tuberculous infection in children aged 0-6 years was below 0.1% and the annual risk of tuberculous disease 7/100,000. The increase of tuberculous cases among nonvaccinated children indicated a protective efficacy of BCG vaccine of 80%. A benefit analysis proved that the advantages and disadvantages of BCG vaccination were in balance. The number of nonvaccinated children developing tuberculosis was so small that mass application of BCG has been found to be redundant. The important advantage of not using the vaccination is the maintenance of the epidemiological and diagnostic value of tuberculin tests. The tests in connection with preventive chemotherapy remain an important tool, enabling control of infected individuals.
1986年，捷克共和国某特定地区取消了对婴儿的强制性大规模卡介苗接种。观察到0至6岁儿童每年的结核感染风险低于0.1%，结核病的年发病风险为7/10万。未接种疫苗儿童中结核病例的增加表明卡介苗的保护效力为80%。效益分析证明，卡介苗接种的利弊相当。未接种疫苗而患结核病的儿童数量极少，因此发现大规模接种卡介苗已无必要。不进行接种的一个重要优点是维持了结核菌素试验的流行病学和诊断价值。与预防性化疗相关的检测仍然是控制受感染个体的重要工具。
