Makristathis A, Stauffer F, Klein J P, Rotter M L, Wewalka G, Hirschl A M
Abt. für Klinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Wien, Austria.
Infection. 1998 Jan-Feb;26(1):42-4. doi: 10.1007/BF02768752.
Since 1990 a relatively high number of cases of childhood tuberculosis has been observed in Austria, mainly occurring in the age-group of 0-4 years. Within this group most cases were registered in 1995. Since the beginning of 1995 the establishment of a lab-supported nationwide data collection system enables a more detailed recording of the cases diagnosed. Out of the 85 cases with infant tuberculosis registered in 1995 and 1996, 66 were diagnosed with pulmonary manifestation. In 45 cases tuberculosis was proven by culture. In nine (20%) of these cases the most likely route of infection has appeared to be direct transmission from an adult in the same household suffering from culture proven tuberculosis in the same year. For three of the cases the DNA of the isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from the adult and the infant was typed using RFLP analysis. In each case identical strains could be demonstrated.
自1990年以来，奥地利观察到相对较高数量的儿童结核病病例，主要发生在0至4岁年龄组。在这个年龄组中，大多数病例在1995年登记。自1995年初起，一个由实验室支持的全国性数据收集系统的建立使得能够更详细地记录诊断出的病例。在1995年和1996年登记的85例婴儿结核病病例中，66例被诊断为肺部表现。45例结核病经培养证实。在其中9例（20%）病例中，最可能的感染途径似乎是同年来自同一家庭中患有经培养证实的结核病的成人的直接传播。对于其中3例病例，使用限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）分析对从成人和婴儿分离出的结核分枝杆菌菌株的DNA进行了分型。在每个病例中都能证明菌株相同。
