Ben Hassen A, Bejaoui M, Hichri A, Lakhoua R, Ben Redjeb S
Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1993;86(3):190-4.
252 nontyphoidic salmonellae strains isolated from pediatrics were identified by using standard laboratory procedures and were serotyped with commercial antisera. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by the agar diffusion method. Mostly isolates obtained from feces (182) and blood (67) and 89% of them from newborns and nursings. S. sér. Wien represented 75% of the isolates. The other serovars were essentially S. sér Typhimurium, S. sér Infantis and S. sér Enteritidis. All the isolates of S. sér Wien and S. sér Typhimurium were resistant to amoxicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline from 1980. From 1987 S. sér Wien isolates developed resistance to cefotaxime and amikacin. Distribution nontyphoidic salmonellae strains according to the year was variable. Maximal isolates were in September and October. Two major epidemics were observed in this study, in 1982 and 1989. 94% of the strains determined nosocomial infections. The source of infection was established during the epidemic of 1989. The application of hygiene measures led to decline the number of isolates in 1990 and their disappearance in 1991, any strains of S. sér Wien was isolated.
采用标准实验室程序对从儿科患者中分离出的252株非伤寒沙门氏菌菌株进行鉴定，并用商用抗血清进行血清分型。采用琼脂扩散法进行抗生素敏感性试验。大多数菌株分离自粪便（182株）和血液（67株），其中89%分离自新生儿和婴儿。维也纳沙门氏菌占分离菌株的75%。其他血清型主要是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、婴儿沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌。自1980年以来，所有维也纳沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌分离株对阿莫西林、羧苄青霉素、头孢噻吩、链霉素、氯霉素和四环素均耐药。自1987年起，维也纳沙门氏菌分离株对头孢噻肟和阿米卡星产生耐药性。非伤寒沙门氏菌菌株的年度分布情况各不相同。分离菌株数量最多的月份是9月和10月。本研究观察到两次主要的流行，分别发生在1982年和1989年。94%的菌株确定为医院感染。在1989年的疫情中确定了感染源。卫生措施的实施导致1990年分离菌株数量下降，并在1991年消失，未再分离到任何维也纳沙门氏菌菌株。
