Levy J K
Department of Psychiatry (Psychology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Tex Heart Inst J. 1993;20(3):198-212.
Cardiovascular rehabilitation is the process of restoring functional abilities degraded by a serious cardiovascular event or by a surgical procedure to preempt such an event. Cardiovascular rehabilitation also includes attempts to reverse risk factors that have contributed initially to the disease process. Rehabilitation programs generally comprise disease-related educational components, supervised prescriptive physical exercise, diet counseling and modification, cessation of tobacco use, psychoeducational interventions aimed at adjustment and coping, and relaxation and stress management to lower nonexertion-related sympathetic drive. The presence of so-called coronary-prone behavior patterns can be detected, and special behavioral modifications may be indicated to mitigate these putative risk factors. This paper reviews the roles of these behavioral adjuncts in treating cardiovascular disease and its aftermath, and notes new and unusual approaches to these components of treatment, such as alternative exercises, biofeedback, yoga, and other relaxation methods. Barriers to compliance are acknowledged, and enhancement of compliance is discussed briefly.
心血管康复是指恢复因严重心血管事件或预防性手术而退化的功能能力的过程。心血管康复还包括尝试逆转最初导致疾病进程的危险因素。康复计划通常包括与疾病相关的教育内容、有监督的规定性体育锻炼、饮食咨询与调整、戒烟、旨在调整和应对的心理教育干预，以及放松和压力管理以降低与非运动相关的交感神经驱动。可以检测到所谓的易患冠心病行为模式，并可能需要进行特殊的行为调整以减轻这些假定的危险因素。本文综述了这些行为辅助手段在治疗心血管疾病及其后果中的作用，并指出了这些治疗组成部分的新的和不同寻常的方法，如替代运动、生物反馈、瑜伽和其他放松方法。文中承认了依从性方面的障碍，并简要讨论了提高依从性的方法。
